Glossary

alliance
A grouping of people who agree to work together.

allies
Allies are people (or countries) who have joined together for a common purpose. When spelled with a capital ‘A’ (Allies) it usually means countries who fought together e.g. in the First World War against the German Empire, the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and the Ottoman Empire.

Anzac
Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC). The Anzacs were the First World War army corps of the Mediterranean Expeditionary Force that was formed in Egypt in 1915 and operated during the Battle of Gallipoli.

asset
Something that is useful or has value for example, a house is an asset; good health is a great asset.

British Empire
The group of colonies, protectorates, and other territories brought under British rule, by the 19th century comprising more than one-quarter of the world's population. Most of Great Britain's former colonies became independent after World War II and, as sovereign states, many (including New Zealand) joined the Commonwealth.

carillon
A very large musical instrument made up of bells inside a tower.

centenary
The hundredth anniversary of an event, or a celebration held to mark the anniversary.

closed circuit camera
Video cameras that send a signal to one place (closed circuit television - CCTV) rather than broadcast the signal (as in broadcast television). Closed circuit cameras are usually used for security and monitoring purposes.

commemoration
The act of remembering a person or an event. Usually involves a ceremony or service.

crèche
A place where small children are looked after.

cut and cover
A simple method of construction for shallow tunnels where a trench is excavated and roofed over with an overhead support system strong enough to carry the load of what is to be built above the tunnel.

dominion
A self-governing state. The word was used to describe each member (colony) of the British Empire.

drill hall
A building in which soldiers practise things like marching, weapon handling etc.

economic growth
The increase in value of goods and services of a country. Often measured by the ‘gross domestic product’ (GDP) as an annual percentage.

enlist
To enrol somebody in a branch of the armed forces, or join the armed forces (e.g. Air Force, Army or Navy).

green corridor
Areas of natural vegetation in between man-made activities or structures (such as roads) that are connected and enable wildlife populations to move along them.

inherited
Something received from a previous generation e.g. John inherited some furniture from his grandfather.

modelling
Computer modelling means using a computer to ‘model’ situations to see how they are likely to work out if you do different things.

national identity
Sense of belonging to one state or to one nation, a feeling one shares with a group of people.

New Zealand Expeditionary Force
The New Zealand Expeditionary Force (NZEF) was the title of the military forces sent from New Zealand to fight for Britain during World War I and World War II.

plaza
An open square or marketplace.

precinct
A part of a town designated for a particular use e.g. a shopping precinct.

retaining wall
A wall built to keep earth or water in place e.g. a house built on a hill might have a retaining wall to keep the soil from sliding down on to the house.

sewage
Human and domestic waste matter from buildings, especially houses, that is carried away through sewer pipes.

State Highway
Major national road in a network. They consist of SH 1 running the length of both islands; SH 2-5 and 10-58 in the North Island, and SH 6-8 and 60-99 in the South Island. State highways are marked by red shield-shaped signs with white numbering.

Suez Canal
A man-made waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea. It is used by ships to travel between Europe and Asia without having to go around Africa.

unified
Brought together to form a single unit.

United Kingdom
The country which includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands. The United Kingdom consists of four countries: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

Western Front
A term used during the First and Second World Wars to describe the boundary between lands controlled by Germany to the east and the Allies to the west.