Ko Mangahāwea hei aronga

Nō te tau 1981 ka tīmata ētahi kaimātai whaipara tangata nō Tāmakimakaurau ki te keri i tētahi wāhanga o te whenua ki Mangahāwea, ki Moturua. Nā ā rātou kitenga me ngā mahi tuku iho a te Māori ka mārama ki a tātou ko Mangahāwea tētahi o ngā wāhi i whakanōhia tuatahitia e ngā tīpuna o te iwi Māori i tō rātou taenga mai i Poronīhia i tōna 700 ki muri.

E AHA ANA NGĀ KAIMĀTAI WHAIPARA TANGATA KIA MĀRAMA AKE AI RĀTOU KI TE REANGA TUATAHI O NGĀ KAINOHO WHENUA O MANGAHĀWEA?

Ko tā ngā kaimātai whaipara tangata mahi ko te mātai i ngā taunakitanga e pā ana ki te hītori o te tangata, ā, i te nuinga o te wā ka kitea aua taunakitanga ki roto tonu i te whenua. E kitea ana i Mangahāwea he taunakitanga o ngā rua hāngī, ngā rua kūmara me ngā māra taro, ngā rua pātaka, te mātaitai me te ika, ngā wheua o te kekeno me te moa tae atu ki ngā matau me ngā taputapu kua hangaia ki te anga me te tūhua. Kua kitea he wheua moa me ngā anga o tētahi tū ngākihi nui ki Mangahāwea, ā, i korehāhā aua koiora e rua i roto i te 200 tau i muri mai i te taenga mai o te tangata ki Aotearoa. Nā reira, e whakapae ana ko te hunga nā rātou aua momo i kai ētahi o te reanga i tae tuatahi mai ki tēnei whenua.

Ka tirohia hoki ngā kaimātai whaipara tangata te tāera o ngā taputapu ka huraina. Ko ngā matau i kitea i Mangahāwea he mea whakairo ki te wheua, te anga pāua rānei i tētahi tāera nō Te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa. He tohu tēnei i te takenga mai o ngā pūkenga whakairo o aua kaiwhakairo. E mea ana ngā hua o ngā mātaitanga waro o ngā rawa koiora, pēnei i te kōiwi me te rākau, he tangata i noho ki Mangahāwea i ngā tau tōmua o te rau tau 1300 (He tukanga te mātai waro ka whāia e ngā kaipūtaiao ki te ine i te waro (carbon-14) kua mau tonu ki tētahi taputapu i ora i mua. I runga i te take he motuhake te taimate o taua momo waro ka āhei ngā kaipūtaiao tōna pakeke te kite).

HE HEI PŪ I KITEA

I kitea he hei pū i Mangahāwea e rite ana te hanga o te pū ki te tio peara ka kitea noatia iho i ngā wai mahana o Te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa. He mea kawe mai te hei nā e tētahi o ngā whakapaparanga i tae tuatahi mai ki Aotearoa i Poronīhia? Ka haere ngā tau, ka eke ki te 2017, ka haere tonu ngā rangahau, ka kitea ko te pāua kē te anga i whakamahia ki te hanga i te hei pū nā.

TE NOHO TAHI O TE PŪTAIAO ME TE MĀTAURANGA MĀORI

Ko ngā kōrero tuku iho a Ngāti Kuta me Patukeha hei hoa haere mō ngā taonga me ngā āhuahira i hukea i Mangahāwea. Ko Matu Clendon, tētahi kaumātua nō Mangahāwea, e tino mōhio ana ki ngā kōrero tuku iho o taua wāhi rā ka mutu o Ngāti Kuta. E ai ki te kōrero i tukuna iho ki a Matu, i whakaritea e ngā tīpuna kia whakatere i ngā waka e whitu ki Aotearoa i muri mai i te kitenga o tēnei whenua e Kupe. Kātahi rātou ka tere atu ki Rākaumangamanga, ā, koia tētahi o ngā taunga e toru i Poronīhia. Ko Rapanui, ko Taputapuātea ērā atu. I tō rātou taenga atu ki Rākaumangamanga ka māwehe ngā waka, ā, koinā i tapaina ai taua wāhi ki taua ingoa.

I te paringa mai o ngā tauhou Māori ki Aotearoa, ka tapa haere rātou i te whenua ki ngā ingoa i kawea mai i Hawaiki rā anō, i ō rātou terenga hoki. Ko ngā ingoa kei te takiwā o Te Pēwhairangi tētahi tauira o tēnei momo mahi. Ko ētahi ingoa nō Tahiti rā anō. Kei te whanga rā ko tētahi motu e kīia nei ko Poroporo (pēnei i Bora Bora, te motu e tata ana ki Tahiti). Ko Rangiātea te ingoa i tapaina ki tētahi motu poniponi kei te raki o Mangahāwea. Koia tētahi o ngā tino ingoa, ā, e mea ana a Matu ko Rangiātea te whakamāoritanga o te ingoa o tētahi motu ki Tahiti, a “Ra’iatea”. Ko Ra’iatea te motu kei reira te whenua tapu e kīia nei ko te pūtahi o Poronīhia, ko Taputapuātea.

HE AHA I TAU ATU AI KI MANGAHĀWEA?

Ko Moturoa te motu e mārakerake ana te kitea i a koe ka tere i te kūititanga o Te Pēwhairangi. Kāore e kore i tohua a Mangahāwea e te iwi Māori i runga i te pai o tana hanga hei wāhi noho mā rātou. Ka māmā kē hoki te pare i ngā kino i tētahi motu. He whanga e noho marumaru ana, ā, he wai māori e rere ana, he wai tai e tata ana.

HE AHA TE HANGA O TE NOHO I AUA RĀ?

Ko te whakaaro ia i tū tētahi kāinga he wharepuni ōna kua hangaia ki te nīkau, ā, he taiapa e karapoti ana i te katoa. Ko te hāngī hei ara tunu kai, ko te māra kai hei whakatipu i ngā kai pēnei i te taro me te kūmara. Kāore e kore i tātahi e rārangi atu ana ētahi waka i whakamahia hei karore, hei hī ika hoki.

HE AHA NGĀ KŌRERO MŌ TE HUNGA I TAE TUATAHI MAI KI AOTEAROA ME TĀ RĀTOU URUTAU KI TE AO HOU?

I whakaahuatia i te keringa o te whenua ki Mangahāwea te taunga o ngā tīpuna Māori ki te taiao, me te āhuarangi hou i Aotearoa. I hangaia e rātou ngā utauta ki ngā rawa hou pēnei i te anga me te kōhatu hoki. I te tīmatanga ka hangaia aua utauta ki te hanga o te hei, ki te tāera o Poronīhia. Nāwai, nāwai ka rerekē te hanga kia hāngai ai ki te taiao motuhake o Aotearoa.

I ngā tau tōmua o te whakanoho i tēnei whenua i hangaia te matau hī ika mata-tahi, hei tauira. He pai tēnei momo matau mō te hī ika nui i ngā wai hōhonu pēnei i ngā mahi hī ika i Poronīhia. Otirā, i Aotearoa, ahakoa e whai take ana tēnei momo mahi hī, kāore ōna tino take. E āhei ana te tangata ki te hī ika i ngā wai kua marumarutia. Nā te nui o te ika i te pīrangitia me te tokomaha tāngata hei whāngai, i pai kē atu ngā kupenga hao ika. Ahakoa karekau noa iho he kupenga i kitea i Mangahāwea e ngā kaimātai whaipara tangata, i rerekē te momo me te rahi o te ika i hopukina. Ka haere ngā tau, ka mimiti haere te whakamahinga o ngā matau mata-tahi.

Kei ngā māra hoki ngā kōrero mō te urutau ki te whenua hou. Ko te taro te kai tuatahi i whakatipuria. Ka tipu te māramatanga ki te oneone me te taiao ka tīmata te whakatipu kūmara. I te taenga mai o te rīwai a Tauiwi ka rerekē ngā mahi whakatipu māra kia whai wāhi ai taua rīwai hoki.

HE AHA PEA ĒTAHI O NGĀ TAERO A KUPE I PUTA?

E whakapae ana i kitea e ngā iwi o ngā moutere huarere pai, ngā wero me ngā painga i tō rātou taenga mai ki Aotearoa me ōna huarere. Kāore e kore i rongo rātou i te rerekē o ngā kaupeka, ā, i te nui kē atu hoki o te whenua konei i tērā te nui i mōhiotia. Tipu ai ngā tipu puta noa i ngā moutere o Te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa mō te roanga o te tau. I mate rātou ki te urutau ki te hōtoke i Te Tai Tokerau. I tino wātea te whenua, i kanorau hoki ngā ngahere.

Ngā hononga ki Te Marautanga o Aotearoa

Tikanga ā-Iwi  Taumata 1–3: Te Wāhi me te Taiao, Te Whakaritenga Pāpori me te Ahurea. 

Whāinga matua

Ka whakawhanake te ākonga i tōna mōhiotanga me tōna māramatanga ki:

• ngā āhuatanga tūturu me ngā āhuatanga ahurea o tētahi wāhi.(Taumata 1)
• te whakaawenga o ngā mahi a te tangata i te wāhi me te taiao, me te whakaawenga o te wāhi me te taiao i ngā mahi a te tangata. (Taumata 2)
• te rerekētanga o ngā mahi a ngā rōpū ahurea, ahakoa e whakaata tonu ana ēnei i ētahi pūtake ōrite. (Taumata 3)

Tikanga ā-Iwi Taumata 4 - 6 Te Ao Hurihuri 

Whāinga matua

Ka whakawhanake te ākonga i tōna mōhiotanga me tōna māramatanga ki:

• ngā pūtake me ngā otinga o ngā tūāhua kua waihanga i te oranga o te tangata. (Taumata 4)
• te whakaawenga o ngā tūāhua o mua i ngā hononga i roto, i waenga hoki, i te rōpū, me te haere tonu o ēnei whakaawenga (Taumata 5)

Mangahāwea videos

mangahawea-te-reo-english from LEARNZ on Vimeo. In this video, Kipa Munro talks with two young uri/descendants of Ngāti Kuta and Patukeha about their experience assisting with the Mangahāwea archaeological excavation. NB: Video is in English and te reo Māori.

mangahawea-english from LEARNZ on Vimeo. In this video, Andrew talks with John/Hone about his connection to Mangahāwea and how he has contributed to the Mangahāwea archaeological excavation.